How Fukuyama goes from the end of history to the end of the West

Written by on October 11, 2025

It must have been quite an intellectual or spiritual comedown going from “the end of history” to “the decline of Western civilisation”.
For a political writer who first made his name by claiming the final historical triumph of Western liberal democracy and free-market capitalism over all other economic and political systems, the decline of his own society – à la Oswald Spengler, who wrote The Decline of the West – seems to have occupied Francis Fukuyama greatly of late.
I write this not in…

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